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A. E. CORNWALL AND C. D. ENOCHS.

DISH WASHING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED OCT. 2.19M. 1,323,216, Patented Nov. 25,1919.

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A. E. CORNWALL AND 0. r5. -ENOCHS. DISH WASHING MACHINE.

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APPLICATION FILED OCT- 2. I9l6.

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DISH WASHING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED OCT- L 1916.

Patented Noi "25, 1919.

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A. E. CORNWALL AND D. ENOCHS.

DISH WASHING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED OCT. 2. IBM).

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. chines,of which the following is a spec'ifica 4 cleaned.

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DISH-WASHING MACHINE.

Specification of Letters Patent. Patented NOV 25, 1 919 Application filed October 2, 1916. Serial No. 123,281.

, States, and a resident of East Shore Park,

in the county of Washington and State of Minnesota, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Dish-Washing Mation.

This invention relates particularly to that class of dish washing machine designed for the use of private families, although as will be evident from the'specification and drawings, the same machine can' with slight modifications be used for hotels and the like. One object of this invention is to provide in a dish washing machine, means for applying the cleansing and also the rinsing water over the entire surface of the dishes to be Another object of this invention is to provide means for heating the water used to substantially the boiling point.

Another ob ect' of this invention is to provide means for beginning the dish wash- 1ng operation automatically when the water has reached a temperature considerably below the boiling point to avoid breakage of glassware, continue the operation, and at the same time raise the temperature of the water.

Another object of this invention is to.pro-' vide means for quickly -drying the dishes after they have been washed and rinsed.

Another obj eht of this invention is to provide automatic means for changing-from the washing operation to the rinsing operation,

and from the rinsing operation to the drying operation.

Another obfiect of this invention is'to provide automatic means for lighting the fuel used in heating-water.

Another object of this invention is to provide automatic means for allowing a definite on the line B B, Fig. 5.

tures =of construction and combination of parts, the essential elements ofwhich are hereinafter described with reference to the drawings which accompany and form a part of thisspecification.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a plan view of-our improved dish washing machine with the cover removed.

Fig. 2 is a section taken on Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is an isometric view' of the preferred 'form of mechanism used in automatically controlling the operation of the machine.

Fig. 4 is a sectional view of the valve controlling the washing'and rinsing water taken Fig. 5 is a sectional view taken on the line C C, Fig. 4.

Fig. .6 is an end view of the multiple cam used to operate the levers shown in Fig. 3.

Fig. 7 is an isometric view showing an alter;

1 nate construction of. the operating-mechanis'm shownin Fig. 3.

the line A A',?

of the same I Fig. 8 is a wiring diagram of the thermo- Y static controlling means. Fi 9 is a lan view of the fuel lightin mec anism. 10 is an isometric v1ew o the means for controlling the lighting means shown in Fig.9, and Flg. 11 is a detail ofthe safety catch making a positive shut-off of the gas when-1. ever the motor switch is opened. Fig. 12 is a 7 detail of the air admission shutter.

Starting the machine.

.' In opzarating the machine, the cover 1,

Fig. 2, is removed, the dishes placed in the rack 2,, the silverware placed at 3 wh1le cups and glasses are placed. substantially horizontally in the rack 4.-' Water is then introduced. into the washing .boiler ,5 and rinsing boiler 6 through pipes 5 and 6, respectively, Fig. 1, controlled by valves 7 and 7 the proper level in the bollers being i indicated by'the water gages 8 and 8-. f

The lever 9, Figs. 3 and 10, is then turned in a clock-wise directidmfsetting the auto matic mechanism'contained in the box 9. The bell crank 11 is pinned to the shaft ,10, whilethe bellcranks '12, 13 and 14 are journaled on the shaft 10', and t e ,SlGBfVO'.

piiine' -is also 10" to'which the lever 9 is journaled on the shaft 1d. The .bell cranks 11, 12 Band 14 have vertical latclfes'15, 16, -18,'I"esp'ec,-' tively hinged thereto and adapted to latch L cothe trigger ends of which Q9 returning to its normal position, by gravburners 37 and 38, Fig. 2,

.and 61, and closing itfv with a retarded speed, as will be hereina ter described.

The bell cranks 12,13 and 14 have extensions 27, 28 and 29 carried thereon to which are hinged links 30, 31 and 32, respectively, while shaft 10 to which the bell crank 11 is pinned, controls directly the valve 32', Fig. 2, controlling the washing water, rinsing water and drain, as will be hereinafter described; r

The links 30, 31 and 32, respectively, are hinged to levers 33, switch 34 and lever 35, respectively.

The lever 33 is pinned to the shaft 36 and controls a valve 36 of ordinary construction, which admits gas to the burners 37 and 38, Fig. 2, while the switch 34, Fig. 3,

is directly in the motor circuit, as hereinafter described, and the lever 35 pinned to the shaft 39 controls the admission of air into the'washing chamber, as will be hereinafter described.

The multiple cam 23 is driven through the worm gear 40 from the worm 41, which in turn is driven bythe worm ear 42 from Tue motor 44,

Fig. 2.

11 our preferred construction, we utilize a motor running down through the double worm gear reduction, so the multiple cam 23 makes one revolution in 'four minutes.

Washing.

When the water has been heated by the hich are lighted m a manner hereinafter described, until it has reached a temperature of 150 degrees,

the-thermostat 53, Fig. 8, of ordinary con-- struction, closes the contact 46, which starts the motor through the following circuit: N

Source of power 54, wire 55, switch contact 55, wire '56, contact 46, wire 57, relay 58, wire 59, switch contactswitch contact' 61, wire 62,'to the other side of the cur: rent supply 54.

The relay hinged at 58- attracts the armature 63 64, open1ng switch contacts 60 switch contacts 65 and 66 and as soon as the armature, in its for- .ward motion, allows the projection 70 to drop behind the end of the armature 63, this L7 oof ro ection will camthe armature' forwardly 1800 R. P. M. and gear it" under tension of the spring 69 thus insuring a positive closing of the switch contacts 65 and 66 until the lever 67 has been lifted out of engagement with the armature by the projection 76 of the switch impinging on the lower edge ofthe trigger 77 as the switch is closed for thenext operation of the machine. The motor operating circuit is traced as follows: currentsupply 54, wire 75, switch contact 74, wire 73, switch contacts 65 and 66, wire 72, motor 44, wire 71, to the other side of current supply 54.

It will be noted hat the switch late 7 5' Figs. 3 and 8, carries an extension 6, which when the switch is opened rides freely past the latch 77, hinged on the lever .67 and controlled by the spring 78, but when the switch is closed, this extension will strike the under part of the latch 77 swinging the lever 67 upwardly and releasing the armature 63 if the contact 46 is at that time open and allowing the spring 79 to return the armature 63 to its normal position. v

' The motor which is now running drives a centrifugal pump 48, which takes water from the boiler 5, Fig. 2, through pipe 84, control valve 32 and forces it upwardly through the pipe 50, and from there upwardly to the apertures in the horizontal arms 51, and also forces the water out horizontally through tical pipe 52.

The pipes 51 and 52 are carried by a support 80 journaled at 81, and the spraying water leaves the pipes in such a direction that the reaction of the water spins the apertures in the verthe pipes about, thus spraying water .up-

wardly against the faces of the dishes.

When the dishes have been washed a predetermined period which is a sufiicientj length of time to insure their being thor oughly clean, the valve 32' is automatically turned frpm the position shown in Fig, 4, in which it connects the wash boiler with the pump, through 90 degrees in .an anti clockwise direction, when it connects the rinsing water in the boiler 6 with the pump, and the rinsing water is sprayed over the dishes in the same manner as was the washing water, in' each case the waterreturning through the screen'82, Fig. 2, but in the case of the washing water, the water continually circulates, while in the ,case of therinsing water, the waste drain 83 is now 'open and the rlnsing water passing through the removable screen 82 and wash boiler 5, runs out through the pipe 84 to valve 32' j Fig. 4, and to drain pipe 83, so that no rinsing water passes over once. Q

As will beseen from Figs. 4 and 5,.the valve is adapted to connect either the pipe the dishes more than from the wash boilerv at the point 84to the pump at 85, or the water from'the rinsing holler. from the point 86 to the pump at'8=5 and either closes the drain while in the position shown in the drawing or opens itfrom the wash boiler84 to the point 83, while 1 the rinsing operation is taking place.

The valve 32' is turned from the washing position to the rinsing position as follows: The trigger 19, Fig. 2, is caught by it's individual portion of the multiple cam 23 during the rotation of the cam at the end of a predetermlned period and carried in an anticlockwise direction,thus releasing latch 15 from the common catch 25, and allowing the spring 15 to return the bell crank 11 with the shaft 10 to its normal position,

- and as the valve 32' is directly connected to this shaft, the valve is turned as heretofore into the washing chamber by opening the shutter 87, Figs. 1 and'12, thusallowing the air to be circulated through the dish washingchamber by means of the fan 88, which is driven constantly while the' motor 44 is runnin v,

The circulation of the air is best shown in Figs. 1 and 2, the air being forcedfrom the fan 88, Fig. 2, upwardly and inwardly, passing between the boiler 6 and the drain pan 120, where it is heated, then passing freely about the inner wall of 'the'dish washer in the annular space 121 and through the annular passage 122 upwardly, as indicated by the arrows 123 through th dishes and out through the annular opening 124.

The final operation is the releasing of the latch 17, Fig. 3, by the forward travel of the trigger 21, whlch opens the switch 34, cutting off the motor and restoring .the thermostat control circuit to its normal position, as heretofore described, all ofthe mechanism being now in its normal position and ready to be started again by the move-I ment of the lever 9.

' It will be'noted that the extension. 28 on the motor control will strike and carry back with it when the motor switch is opened, the finger 125 carried by ,the extenslon 27 of the gas control, a'sbetter shown in Fig. 11,

' -so that it is impossible for the motor switch fees to be opened withoutthe gas having been en'tirely. shut off.-

The time of the cooperation between the various triggers and theircoacting cam sections is plainly shown iii-Fig. 6,-in which the notches in the cam sections are shown in their proper angular positions, the notches 21', 22',.20 and 19 coactingwith triggers 21, 22, 2'0" and .19, respectively.

The multiple cam 23 is made of disk sections, as shown, clamped firmly together by the nut 23, so the relative time of the different functions may be easily and quickly varied; h

v I Gas ignition; T

' i In starting the dish washing machine I when the gas is turned on, as heretoforede- 1scrlbed, it is automatically lighted as folows:

The lever 9, shown conventionally 10, when it is moved in a clockwisedirection winds the cord 89 around the drum 90 on the shaft 91, thereby rotating the shaft and also lifting the weighted plunger 92 in the tube 93, which together with the plunger forms an air dash pot.

The shaft 91, which is suitably journaled, carries a disk 94, on which a crank pin 95 carries a connecting rod 96, better shown in Fig. 9, and this connectin rod is hinged to a multiple control link 9 which in turn is hinged to igniter arms 98 and 99 at'the points 100 and 101, respectively.

The igniter arms are mounted with a hinged connection at 102 and 103, respectively, and carry igniter coils 104 and 105, respectively, which are connected by wires 106, 107, 108, contact 109, wires 110 and 111 to the source of c irrent supply.

As the. rotation of the disk 94 carries igniter coils 104 and 105 across the burners 38 and 37, respectively, to the position shown dotted at 112.and 113, the contact 109'is closed and remains closed as the igniter -sweeps back over the burners, the weight 92, Fig. 10, returns to the bottom of the dash pot, the dash pot giving a retarded effect to the'motion of the igniters, so the igniter coils have become heated to incandescence' and the gas burners have been charged with the normal supply of gas, so that they can be lighted when the charge is normal and will not fire back due to mixture of gas and air.

As the igniters continue their motion and assume the position shown at 114 and 115,

'respectively,'the contact 109 is broken and.

the automatic igniter is ready for use when the machine is next put into operation.

' As an alternate construction for the automatic control means shown in Fig. 3, we

which the same sequence of operations are effected electrically instead of mechanically.

In 7 the brush 130 is rotated. in the same manner as the multiple cam 23 and segment 21 22 20 and 19 'make contact sometimes employ that shown in Fig. 7-, in'

11k the ignition of a lean with the brush 130 during its rotation, actuating solenoids 21 22", 20 19? similarly as the latches were actuated in the mechanical construction, and. these solenoids act directly on the links, except that the solenoid 19 acts on the link 32 which controls the lever. 11 corresponding with the bell crank 11 in the mechanical construction, Fig. 3, the links being attached by hinged connections to the solenoid plungers, and the actual operation of the dish washer is exactly the same, except that the control is electrical instead of mechanical.

While. we 1 have described our invention and illustrated. it in two particular designs,

we do not wish'it understoodthat welimit ourselvesto these constructions, as the applicatlon of our inventlon may be varied in many Ways within the scope of the following ing waterin said water receptacle, a thermoperiod.

stat actuated by the temperature of the water in said receptacle, means for circulating water through said washing chamber, means controlled by said thermostat for starting the said water circulating means, and timing means'for rendering said circulating means inoperative at the end of a predetermined '3. In a dish washin'g machine the combination of'a washing chamber, a boiler, means for heating water in said boiler, means for applying water to dishes placed in said washing chamber, means for applying circulating air to dishes placed in said washing chamber, timing means controlling said second named means, and timing means controlling said air application, whereby said air application is e tuating the connection of said boilerfor; rinsihg water to said washing chamber at ected a predetermined interval after said water application is effe'cted.

4. 111 a dish washing machine the combination of a 1washing chamber, a boiler for washing water, a boiler "for rinsing water, connecting pipes and valves whereby said.

boilerfor' washing water may be connected to said washing chamber, .or said boiler for said rinsing water ma beconnected to said washing chamber, an timing means for aca predetermined period after'said boiler for -5-. In a dish washing machine the .combi- I nation of a washing chamber, a boiler for -washing water, a boiler for rinsing water,

means for circulating water through said washing chamber from either ofsaid boilers selectively, a prime mover, means actuated by said prime mover for actuating the means for circulating water through said washing chamber from said washing boiler, timing means, and means actuated by said prime mover through the instrumentality of said timing means for actuating the means for circulating water from said boiler for. rinsing water through said washing chamber.

6. In a dish washing machine the combination of a washing chamber, a boiler for washing water, a boiler for rinsing water, a drain pipe, a multiple valve co-acting with said boilers, pump, drain pipe, and washin chamber, for allowing water from either or said boilers to be forced through said washing chamber by said pump, a motorfor driving said pump, means controlled by said m0- tor for connecting said valve, boiler for washing water, pump, and washing chamber in operative relatlon, and means controlled. by said motor for connecting said boiler for rinsing water, valve, pump and washing chamber in operative relation.

7. In a dish washing machine the combination of a washing chamber, a boiler for washing water, a boiler for rinsing water, a water circulating pump, a drain .pipe, a valve co-ac'ting with said pump,-drain, and boilers through pi e connections whereby said washing cliam er and said boiler for washing water may be connected in circulating operative relation; or said washing chamber, boiler for rinsing water, and drain may be connected in operative relation, a

motor for driving said pump, means controlled by said motor for positioning said valve, and including timing means operated by said motor whereby" the connection of said rinsing waterboiler to said washing chamber is efl'ected a redetermined period after the connection oi said boiler for washi ing water to said washing chamber.

8. In a dish washing machine the com'bination of a washing chamber, a boiler for washing water, a boiler for'rinsing water, 1 a pump, a drain, pipes connecting saidpump, drain and boilers, a motor for driving sald pump, a thermostat positioned in said boiler for washing water, hand operated means for connecting said pum p, boiler forwashing water and washingfichamber in op- .erative relation, said motor being started by said thermostat, means controlled 'bysaid motor for connectin said washing chain ber, boiler for rinsing water, pump and drain in operative relatiomand timing means driven by said motor for actuating said last named connecting means a. prede termined time after said motor is started.

9. In a dish washin machine the combination of a washing amber, a boiler for washing water, a pump, a motor for driving said pump, a fan, a thermostat in said boiler for washing water, means controlled by said thermostat for starting said motor, means controlled by said motor, for allowing said fan to circulate air through said washing chamber, and timing means controlled by 7 said motor for effecting said last named operation a predetermined period after the startin of said motor;

10. na dish washing machine the combi- 1 nation of a washing chamber, a boiler for for rinsing water in the other position, a

Y pump for circulatin ing saidvalve in operative relation with said nation of a washing water through said valve,-*said washing 0 amber and either of said boilers, a motor for driving said pump, a starting lever, a thermostat in said boiler for washm water, an electrical circuit including said motor and thermostat, said starting lever closing said circuit and. passing the control for the starting of said m0- tor' t isaid thermostat, connecting" means whereby said starting lever connects said valve'in operative relation with said washing chamber and said boiler for washing Wa ter, means controlled by said motor for placwashing chamber and said boiler for rinsin water and timing means controlled by said motor whereby said last named means is actuated at a predetermined period after the startin of said motor.

11. a dish'washing machine, the combichamber, a washing boiler, means for dischar ng water from said washing boiler into said chamber, a motor, a positively driven fan, a movable closure for the intake of said fan, timing means in, means for circulatingwater from said.

controlled by said motor and means controlled by said timing means for o ening said closure at a predetermined period after the startin .of said motor.

ish washin machine, the combi- Iiamber, a boiler for r heating waterthere,-

boiler for washing water through said washing chamber, and means for forcing a draft of air over said heated boiler through said washin chamber.

13. n a dish washin machine, the combination of a washing 0 amber, a dish rack positioned within said chamber, a boiler for wash; water, a boiler for rinsing water, e means for heating said-boilers, means for of heated air through said washing chamber; a predetermined period after the starting circulating water from either said boiler for washing water or said boiler for, rinsing Water through said washing-chamber, means for forcing a draft of air through said washing chamber, a motor, timing means driven by said motor, a valve for switching the circulating water circuit through said washing chamber from said boiler for washing water to said boiler for rinsing water, means controlled by said motor for positioning said valve for said rinsing water connection, said means being controlled by said. timing means.

' 14. In a dishwashing machine, the combination of a dishchainber, rotatably mounted spray pipes positioned therein, a pump adapted to force water through said rotatably mounted pipes, a boiler for wash water,

a boiler for rinsing water, a drain, a'va'lve coactlng w1th saldboller for Wash water, bo1ler or rmslng water, pump and dram and having suitable pipe connections therewithfor allowing'a circulation of water from said boiler for wash water through said discharge pipes and said dish chamber back to said boiler for wash water and having connections therewith when said valve is turned for allowing the'discharge, by said pump, of water from said boiler for rinsing waterthrough said discharge pipes, said dish chamber and out through said drain, and means operating at the end of a perdetermined period for turmng said valve from its washing position to'its rinsing pos1-' tion.

15. Ina dish wasihin machine the combination of a washing .0 amber, aboiler for washing water, a boiler for rinsing water, means for forcing a draft of air over one of said boilers and through said washing chamber, a motor, timing means driven by said motor and means controlled by said timing means for effecting the circulatlon of said motor. u

16. In a dish washing machine the combination of a washing machine, a boiler for washing water, means for heating said boiler, means for forcing-a draft of air across said boiler through said washing chamber whereby said air may be heated before it reaches said washing chamber, a motor, means driven by said motor for circulating water from said boiler for washing water through said washing chamber, said air forcing means also being driven by said motor,'timing means driven by said-motor and means controlled by said timing means for effecting said air circulation a predetermined time after said'water circulation.

17. In a dish washing machine the combination of a water receptacle, a washing chamber, means for applying water from said water receptacle to said washin chamtiming means driven by said prime mover and controlling the actuation of said Water applying means by said prime mover.

18. In a dish wa'shin machine the combination of a Washing c amber, a boiler for washing water, a boiler for rinsing water, a prime mover, a pump driven by said prime mover for passing Water from either of said boilers to said washing chamber, water circulating switching means for changing the water connection from said washing cham-' her and said boiler for washing water to said washing chamber and said boiler for rinsing water, and timing means actuated by said prime mover controlling said water.

circulation switching means.

wash water, a boiler for rinsing water,

means for heating said boilers, meansfor forcing a draft of air across said boilers throu h said washing chamber, whereby said air may be heated by said boilers before it reaches said Washing chamber,rheansifor circulating water from each of said boilers through said washing chamber, and automatic means for determining the sequence of operation of washing, rinsingand drying.

ALFRED E. CORNWALL. CLAUDE ENOCHS 

